ADAMTS5 is the main enzyme that cuts aggrecan, the cushioning molecule in cartilage. It is a separate enzyme family from MMP13, which cuts the collagen.
Also called ADAMTS-5, aggrecanase-2, a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 5.
Its full name is a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 5 (Rong 2019). It is also called aggrecanase-2.
In 2005, mice whose ADAMTS5 lacked its working part had significantly less cartilage destruction after surgery made the knee unstable, which identified ADAMTS5 as the primary aggrecanase in that model (Glasson 2005). A 2021 review listed senescence, inheritance, inflammation and mechanical stress as drivers of its overactivity, through signalling routes that include RUNX2 and NF-kB (Jiang 2021).
In human cartilage cells it often rises alongside MMP13. Higher glucose, inflammation, oxidative stress and calcium crystals raised both (Jain 2024; Rong 2019). Leptin raised ADAMTS5 at a lower dose than it took to raise MMP13 (Primrose 2023). The body's TIMP inhibitors block several ADAMTS enzymes as well as MMPs (Brew 2010).
They attack different parts of cartilage. MMP13 is the main enzyme that cuts type II collagen, the fibre network. ADAMTS5 is the main aggrecanase, cutting aggrecan, the...
It depends which part is damaged. Reviews describe losing aggrecan, the water-holding molecule in cartilage, as an early and reversible step, and losing type II collagen...
In the lab, it can. University of Auckland researchers found that raising glucose from 4 to 10 mM, within the range from normal to high blood sugar, made cells from...