MMP13 biologyHuman cells2024
Higher glucose pushed cells from worn cartilage to make more MMP13 and ADAMTS5, in the oxygen-rich conditions of the cartilage surface.
Elevated glucose promotes MMP13 and ADAMTS5 production by osteoarthritic chondrocytes under oxygenated but not hypoxic conditions.
MMP13 biologyHuman cells2023
Auckland researchers found cells from worn knee cartilage made more cartilage-breaking enzymes than cells from healthy-looking cartilage when oxygen was plentiful.
Differential Effects of Hypoxia versus Hyperoxia or Physoxia on Phenotype and Energy Metabolism in Human Chondrocytes from Osteoarthritic Compared to Macroscopically Normal Cartilage.
MMP13 biologyHuman cells2023
Leptin at the levels found in joint fluid with metabolic syndrome raised MMP13 in human cartilage cells.
Concentration-dependent effects of leptin on osteoarthritis-associated changes in phenotype of human chondrocytes.
MMP13 biologyReview2021
Review of MMP13 as the primary cartilage-degrading enzyme, singled out for cleaving type II collagen, and why research now targets it.
Overview of MMP-13 as a Promising Target for the Treatment of Osteoarthritis.
MMP13 biologyReview2021
Review: ADAMTS5 is the major aggrecanase in joint cartilage, driven by senescence, inheritance, inflammation and mechanical stress.
ADAMTS5 in Osteoarthritis: Biological Functions, Regulatory Network, and Potential Targeting Therapies.
MMP13 biologyHuman cells2019
Inflammation, oxidative stress and calcium crystals unsettle the cartilage cell's clock, and moving the clock genes moved MMP13 up or down.
Altered expression of the core circadian clock component PERIOD2 contributes to osteoarthritis-like changes in chondrocyte activity.
MMP13 biologyHuman cells2019
Calcium phosphate crystals raised MMP13 in human cartilage cells through a calcium signalling pathway. Blocking that pathway reversed it.
Basic Calcium Phosphate Crystals Induce Osteoarthritis-Associated Changes in Phenotype Markers in Primary Human Chondrocytes by a Calcium/Calmodulin Kinase 2-Dependent Mechanism.
MMP13 biologyHuman cells2016
Cartilage cells keep their own body clock. Switching off the clock gene BMAL1 in healthy cells raised MMP13.
The chondrocyte-intrinsic circadian clock is disrupted in human osteoarthritis.
MMP13 biologyHuman tissue2016
Carbon-14 dating of knee cartilage from 23 people showed virtually no replacement of the collagen matrix after skeletal maturity, healthy or not.
Radiocarbon dating reveals minimal collagen turnover in both healthy and osteoarthritic human cartilage.
MMP13 biologyReview2011
Review: MMP13 is the main collagenase in worn cartilage, with the highest activity against type II collagen, and losing that collagen is considered irreversible.
New hope for the treatment of osteoarthritis through selective inhibition of MMP-13.
MMP13 biologyReview2010
Review: humans carry four TIMP genes, the body's own inhibitors of MMPs and of several ADAM and ADAMTS enzymes.
The tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs): an ancient family with structural and functional diversity.
MMP13 biologyAnimal2009
Mice without MMP13 had less cartilage erosion eight weeks after a knee injury, even though they still lost aggrecan.
Matrix metalloproteinase 13-deficient mice are resistant to osteoarthritic cartilage erosion but not chondrocyte hypertrophy or osteophyte development.
MMP13 biologyHuman trial2007
A broad MMP-blocking drug showed no benefit over placebo in a year-long trial of 401 people and caused joint, shoulder and hand side effects.
Development of musculoskeletal toxicity without clear benefit after administration of PG-116800, a matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor, to patients with knee osteoarthritis: a randomized, 12-month, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.
MMP13 biologyHuman cells2005
Cartilage cells from older donors made significantly more MMP13 when provoked than cells from younger donors.
Increased matrix metalloproteinase-13 production with aging by human articular chondrocytes in response to catabolic stimuli.
MMP13 biologyAnimal2005
Mice lacking working ADAMTS5 had significantly less cartilage destruction after a joint injury, marking it as the main aggrecan-cutting enzyme in that model.
Deletion of active ADAMTS5 prevents cartilage degradation in a murine model of osteoarthritis.
MMP13 biologyHuman tissue2002
In healthy ankle cartilage, collagen-cutting enzymes were present but did not rise with age, and collagen stayed in balance. Age alone did not look like breakdown.
Matrix homeostasis in aging normal human ankle cartilage.
MMP13 biologyReview2002
Review: collagen makes up two-thirds of the dry mass of adult joint cartilage, and type II collagen is its main molecule.
Collagen of articular cartilage.
MMP13 biologyAnimal2001
Mice engineered to make always-active human MMP13 in their cartilage developed cartilage erosion, proteoglycan loss and excess type II collagen cleavage.
Postnatal expression in hyaline cartilage of constitutively active human collagenase-3 (MMP-13) induces osteoarthritis in mice.
MMP13 biologyHuman tissue2000
Cartilage collagen renews so slowly that its half-life was calculated at 117 years. Skin collagen's is 15.
Effect of collagen turnover on the accumulation of advanced glycation end products.
MMP13 biologyLab2000
The inflammatory signal IL-1 needed three cell pathways, p38, JNK and NF-kB, to switch on MMP13 in cartilage cells. MMP-1 was switched on by a different set.
Interleukin-1 induction of collagenase 3 (matrix metalloproteinase 13) gene expression in chondrocytes requires p38, c-Jun N-terminal kinase, and nuclear factor kappaB: differential regulation of collagenase 1 and collagenase 3.
MMP13 biologyHuman tissue1996
Cartilage cells in worn human cartilage make MMP13, and it broke down type II collagen at least ten times faster than MMP-1.
Cloning, expression, and type II collagenolytic activity of matrix metalloproteinase-13 from human osteoarthritic cartilage.
MMP13 biologyHuman cells1996
Human cartilage cells make and release MMP13. Cells from the joint lining did not.
The new collagenase, collagenase-3, is expressed and synthesized by human chondrocytes but not by synoviocytes. A role in osteoarthritis.
MMP13 biologyLab1996
Purified human MMP13 cut type II collagen in preference to types I and III, also broke down gelatin, and was blocked one to one by the body's own inhibitors TIMP-1, TIMP-2 and TIMP-3.
Biochemical characterization of human collagenase-3.
MMP13 biologyLab1996
MMP13 also cuts aggrecan, the cushioning molecule in cartilage, at a site shared with other MMPs and at a new site of its own.
Degradation of cartilage aggrecan by collagenase-3 (MMP-13).
MMP13 biologyLab1994
The first cloning of collagenase-3, the enzyme now called MMP13. It was found in breast tumours and not in the normal tissues the team tested.
Molecular cloning and expression of collagenase-3, a novel human matrix metalloproteinase produced by breast carcinomas.
BoswelliaHuman trial2025
Placebo-controlled trial of a standardised boswellia extract: better knee function, MRI cartilage volume and thickness up, and collagen breakdown markers down.
A Standardized Boswellia serrata Extract Improves Knee Joint Function and Cartilage Morphology in Human Volunteers with Mild to Moderate Osteoarthritis in a Randomized Placebo-Controlled Study.
BoswelliaHuman trial2025
90-day trial of boswellia with celery seed: collagen breakdown markers fell and collagen-building markers rose against placebo.
Efficacy and Safety of Boswellia serrata and Apium graveolens L. Extract Against Knee Osteoarthritis and Cartilage Degeneration: A Randomized, Double-blind, Multicenter, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial.
BoswelliaAnimal2025
AKBA, the lead boswellic acid, suppressed MMP13, calmed inflammatory signalling and protected cartilage in rats.
Acetyl-11-keto-beta-boswellic acid ameliorates monosodium iodoacetate-induced osteoarthritis in rats: implications of HMGB1/TLR4/NF-κB and Nrf2/HO-1.
BoswelliaAnimal2022
A boswellia extract protected the cartilage matrix in rats by turning down matrix metalloproteinases.
Boswellia serrata Extract, 5-Loxin®, Prevents Joint Pain and Cartilage Degeneration in a Rat Model of Osteoarthritis through Inhibition of Inflammatory Responses and Restoration of Matrix Homeostasis.
BoswelliaLab2010
Frankincense (Boswellia frereana) extract turned down matrix enzymes and stopped collagen breakdown in cartilage samples.
Boswellia frereana (frankincense) suppresses cytokine-induced matrix metalloproteinase expression and production of pro-inflammatory molecules in articular cartilage.
BoswelliaHuman trialLab2010
Two boswellia extracts both beat placebo for knee discomfort and function over 90 days. In the lab, Aflapin inhibited MMP-3.
Comparative efficacy and tolerability of 5-Loxin and Aflapin Against osteoarthritis of the knee: a double blind, randomized, placebo controlled clinical study.
BoswelliaHuman trial2008
90-day placebo-controlled trial of a boswellia extract: less knee discomfort, better function, and lower MMP-3 in joint fluid.
A double blind, randomized, placebo controlled study of the efficacy and safety of 5-Loxin for treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee.
CurcuminHuman cellsAnimal2025
Curcumin with omega-3 lowered MMP1, MMP3 and MMP13 in human cartilage cells and conserved cartilage in an animal model.
Curcumin and omega-3 ameliorate experimental osteoarthritis progression in terms of joint pain and mitochondrial dysfunction.
CurcuminLabAnimal2025
A curcumin compound bound and blocked MMP13, protected cartilage samples, and outperformed a dedicated MMP13-blocking drug in rats.
Curcumin monoglucuronide protects cartilage from progressive degeneration by blocking MMP-13.
CurcuminLab2017
Curcumin turned down MMP13 and restored type II collagen in cartilage cells exposed to an inflammatory signal.
Regulation of type II collagen, matrix metalloproteinase-13 and cell proliferation by interleukin-1β is mediated by curcumin via inhibition of NF-κB signaling in rat chondrocytes.
CurcuminHuman studyAnimal1998
On its own, curcumin barely reached the blood. Taken with piperine from black pepper, its absorption in human volunteers rose by 2000%.
Influence of piperine on the pharmacokinetics of curcumin in animals and human volunteers.
GlucosamineHuman cells2011
In human hip cartilage cells, glucosamine cut cytokine-driven IL-1 beta expression fourfold, but MMP13 rose with the cytokines regardless of glucosamine.
The epigenetic effect of glucosamine and a nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB) inhibitor on primary human chondrocytes--implications for osteoarthritis.
GlucosamineHuman cells2007
In human cartilage cells and stem cells grown as pellets, glucosamine at 100 micromolar inhibited MMP13 expression. High doses were inhibitory to matrix genes.
Glucosamine promotes chondrogenic phenotype in both chondrocytes and mesenchymal stem cells and inhibits MMP-13 expression and matrix degradation.
GlucosamineHuman cells2003
Glucosamine lowered MMP-3, a sister enzyme of MMP13, and raised aggrecan in cartilage cells taken from patients' knees.
Glucosamine sulfate modulates the levels of aggrecan and matrix metalloproteinase-3 synthesized by cultured human osteoarthritis articular chondrocytes.
ChondroitinHuman cells2022
Chondroitin suppressed MMP-9 and MMP-2 in human cartilage cells and raised the cells' own enzyme brakes and type II collagen.
Chondroitin Sulfate Enhances Proliferation and Migration via Inducing β-Catenin and Intracellular ROS as Well as Suppressing Metalloproteinases through Akt/NF-κB Pathway Inhibition in Human Chondrocytes.
Hyaluronic acidHuman cells2011
Hyaluronan inhibited MMP13 in human cartilage cells, more at higher doses, through the CD44 receptor.
Hyaluronan inhibits matrix metalloproteinase-13 in human arthritic chondrocytes via CD44 and P38.
Vitamin CLabAnimal2016
Vitamin C prevented the rise in MMP-1, MMP-3 and MMP-13 in cartilage cells and lessened cartilage changes in rats.
Vitamin C Protects Chondrocytes against Monosodium Iodoacetate-Induced Osteoarthritis by Multiple Pathways.
NACAnimal2019
NAC by mouth held back MMP13 and the loss of type II collagen, and prevented joint changes in rats.
Oral administration of N-acetyl cysteine prevents osteoarthritis development and progression in a rat model.
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